US NewsShe was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history.

05:40 30 april 2019

05:40 30 april 2019 Source: washingtonpost.com

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Angela ’s arrival in Jamestown in 1619 marked the beginning of a subjugation that left millions in chains. They see her as a seminal figure in American history — a symbol of 246 years of brutal subjugation that left millions of men, women and children enslaved at the start of Two years ago

She was captured , enslaved and she survived. Meet Angela , the first named African woman in Why isn’t Angela part of colonial history lessons? Why, 400 years later, are they just hearing her story ? She is a New Jersey native living in Virginia whose parents passed away several years ago .

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history.

By the time Angela was brought to Jamestown’s muddy shores in 1619, she had survived war and capture in West Africa, a forced march of more than 100 miles to the sea, a miserable Portuguese slave ship packed with 350 other Africans and an attack by pirates during the journey to the Americas.

“All of that,” marveled historian James Horn, president of the Jamestown Rediscovery Foundation, “before she is put aboard the Treasurer,” one of two British privateers that delivered the first Africans to the English colony of Virginia.

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She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . He started the day a few miles up the beach at Buckroe She crossed her arms to symbolize the chains of slavery, then uncrossed them in release. She felt, she said, like she was helping her ancestors

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . American slavery began 400 years ago this month. This is referred to as the country’s original sin, but it is more than that: It is the country’s true origin.

Now, as the country marks the 400th anniversary of the arrival of those first slaves, historians are trying to find out as much as possible about Angela, the first African woman documented in Virginia. They see her as a seminal figure in American history — a symbol of 246 years of brutal subjugation that left millions of men, women and children enslaved at the start of the Civil War.

Two years ago, researchers launched an archaeological investigation in Jamestown at the site of the first permanent English settlement in North America to find any surviving evidence of Angela.

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Matt McClain/The Washington Post The Angela Site where excavation work is taking place at Historic Jamestowne. (Matt McClain/The Washington Post) She is listed in the 1624 and 1625 census as living in the household of Capt. William Pierce, first as “Angelo a Negar” and then as “Angela Ne**o woman in by Treasurer.” By then, she had survived two other harrowing events: a Powhatan Indian attack in 1622 that left 347 colonists dead and the famine that followed.

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Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . washingtonpost.com/ history /2019/0… "The total number of Africans captured and transported to the Americas between 1501 and 1867 would eventually grow to more than 12.5 million."

Read more Retropolis: She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . As plantations talk more honestly about slavery, some visitors are pushing back. Before 1619, there was 1526: The mystery of the first enslaved Africans in what became the United States.

Yet little is known about her beyond those facts.

“It is presumed she was youngish — maybe in her early 20s,” said Cassandra Newby-Alexander, a history professor at Norfolk State University and co-author of “Black America Series: Portsmouth, Virginia.” “Angela was her Anglicised name. We don’t know what her original name was.”

“If they find the remains, we can know how old she was when she arrived,” Newby-Alexander said. “Did she have children? What did she die of? We will know more about this person, and we can reclaim her humanity.”

‘Horrible mortality’

The transatlantic slave trade was already more than a century old and thriving when the first Africans reached Virginia.

“The trade is full-blown in 1619,” said Daryl Michael Scott, a Howard University history professor. The Portuguese controlled much of the market, transporting “huge numbers of Africans taken from what becomes Portuguese Angola.”

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She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . About 30 of the petitions aimed to get all people of color out of Virginia, Root found as he researched his dissertation on the subject. But not all of them wanted to end slavery; several called for purging the

[ She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history .] Since then, John and several relatives have visited the farm, connecting with Griffith’s descendants, 50- year -old twin sisters, Frances Becker and Amanda Becker Mosko, who co-own the property.

Between 5,000 and 8,000 people from Kongo, Ndongo and other parts of West Africa were being shipped each year to Portuguese and Spanish colonies in the Americas. The total number of Africans captured and transported to the Americas between 1501 and 1867 would eventually grow to more than 12.5 million.

Angela was taken captive in 1619 during a war in Kongo. She was forced aboard a slave ship, the San Juan Bautista, in Luanda, then a bustling slave-trading port on the coast of West Africa, according to Jamestown Rediscovery. The ship was headed for Vera Cruz, on the coast of Mexico.

“The ship was overcrowded,” Horn said. “It suffered horrible mortality on the voyage to Vera Cruz.” More than 120 Africans aboard died en route.

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Provided by WP Company LLC d/b/a The Washington Post In the middle of passage, the slave ship was attacked by two English pirate ships — the Treasurer and the White Lion. The pirates climbed aboard the Bautista, hoping to find a bounty of gold.

Instead, they found humans, desperate people. The pirates took 60 or so Africans, splitting them between the White Lion and the Treasurer. Historians surmise that the pirates took the young, healthiest captives. Angela was among them.

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She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Provided by WP Company LLC d/b/a The Washington Post “I’ve got no evidence that she was young,” Horn said. “I base it on the general model that slavers would try to take the younger people, including children, women and males they would get the most money for. That is a chilling aspect of the slave trade. People are being treated like livestock. The capability of women to have children was in slavers’ minds. To survive a journey like that, my own sense is she was young and possibly very young. Where there is no evidence, it is fair to speculate.”

Weeks later, the White Lion arrived at Point Comfort, near Hampton, Va., where its captain traded the enslaved people for food.

The arrival of the White Lion was reported by colonist John Rolfe, who is best known for marrying Pocahontas in 1614.

The Treasurer was next to arrive. A number of historical accounts reported that the Treasurer turned around quickly after being anchored near Point Comfort, avoiding an order by the governor to detain the ship and question its captain “about his involvement in acts of piracy in the Spanish Indies,” according to Horn.

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Provided by WP Company LLC d/b/a The Washington Post The Treasurer, these accounts reported, headed for Bermuda before returning to Virginia. But Horn says new evidence he found in December while researching archives in London show that the Treasurer arrived in Virginia four days after the White Lion with 28 to 30 Africans that had been captured on the Portuguese slave ship.

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“This is the first time documentary evidence shows that the Treasurer did, in fact, leave enslaved Africans in Virginia,” Horn said in an interview. “There is a lot going on here on the part of the English to obscure how many Africans are taken and how many arrived in Virginia. … The Treasurer left two or three Africans in August or the fall of 1619.”

One of those two or three Africans was Angela, who wound up in the household of Pierce.

“The majority of the Angolans were acquired by wealthy and well-connected English planters including Governor Sir George Yeardley and the cape, or head, merchant, Abraham Piersey,” according to Jamestown Rediscovery. “The Africans were sold into bondage despite Virginia having no clear-cut laws sanctioning slavery.”

But that would change.

‘Slavery in the midst of freedom’

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Matt McClain/The Washington Post Historic Jamestowne in Williamsburg. Angela’s arrival coincided with another milestone in American history: the meeting of the first General Assembly in Jamestown’s newly built wooden church. The assembly is billed by Jamestown Rediscovery as “the oldest continuous law-making body in the western hemisphere.”

The legislative body was made up of the governor, his four councillors and 22 burgesses elected by every free white male settler in the colony. Its work from July 30 to Aug. 4, 1619, represented the nation’s first experiment with democracy, and its 400th anniversary is being marked this year.

It is a great irony, Horn said, that American slavery and democracy were created at the same time and place.

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He said that “1619 gave birth to the great paradox of our nation’s founding: slavery in the midst of freedom. It marked both the origin of the most important political development in American history, the rise of democracy, and the emergence of what would become one of the nation’s greatest challenges: the corrosive legacy of racial discrimination and inequality that has afflicted our society since its earliest years.”

T She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Matt McClain/The Washington Post Remnants of the slave ship Sao Jose on display in March at the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington. he conditions endured by settlers and enslaved people alike were awful.

The colony, which had been established in 1607, stretched from Point Comfort to what is now Richmond. There were plantations scattered for about 100 miles (161km) along the banks of the James River. Jamestown itself probably had a population of about 100.

The colonists had, at one point, nearly been wiped out. In 1609, they were under siege by the Powhatan and facing starvation that led to cannibalism. Capt. John Smith described that horror in a 1624 letter:

“October 1609 — March 1610, there remained not past sixtie men, women and children, most miserable and poore creatures; and those were preserved for the most part, by roots, herbes, acornes, walnuts, berries, now and then a little fish: they that had startch in these extremities, made no small use of it; yea even the very skinnes of our horses.

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago. Now Angela symbolises a brutal history. © Matt McClain/The Washington Post Lee McBee, supervising archaeologist at the Angela Site, works on a piece of pottery in March. (Photos by Matt McClain/The Washington Post) "Nay, so great was our famine, that a Salvage we slew and buried, the poorer sort tooke him up againe and eat him; and so did divers one another boyled and stewed with roots and herbs: And one amongst the rest did kill his wife, powdered [i.e., salted] her, and had eaten part of her before it was knowne; for which hee was executed, as hee well deserved: now whether shee was better roasted, boyled or carbonado’d [i.e., grilled], I know now; but of such a dish as powdered wife I never heard of.”

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Angela lived through what is called the “Second Starving Time.” “Many people died during the Second Starving Time,” Horn said. “There isn’t enough corn to support” the large numbers of arriving settlers. “You have a period where food prices, particularly for Indian corn, are astronomical. A lot of poor servants and white indentured servants perished or died of disease. It is a grim period.”

Angela probably survived because she lived on the plantation of Pierce, one of the wealthiest men in the colony. “We know some Africans died during that period,” Horn said. “We know there were 32 Africans living in the colony in 1620. We know only 23 Africans were living in the colony in 1625.”

But by 1626, Angela disappears from the census records. Her fate is unknown.

Jamestown Rediscovery recently released an illustration depicting Angela, circa 1625, standing on the banks of the James River as ships are anchored in the background.

“We wanted to provide a setting for Angela that reflected what was going on in Jamestown at the time,” Horn said. “She would have been living in Jamestown six years around 1625, which is a good date for the drawing. She certainly would have been dressed in English clothing. The dockside, it is quite possible she would have spent time down there, which was a few yards from the Pierce house.”

Horn said the artist wanted to give Angela a sense of dignity and autonomy. She is not dressed in rags.

“Her clothing would not have been fancy,” Horn said, “but everyday working clothing. Essentially, she is dressed in the clothing of a working young woman for the Pierce family.”

The illustration allows viewers to fill in the gaps in history, paying due to the colony’s first documented African woman.

“I see her not so much as a kind of Eve figure for Africans,” Horn said. “There were other Africans in the colony in Virginia. I see the significance of Angela being able to put a name to her and identify her in a place.”

And to remind Americans 400 years later what she managed to survive.

Pictures: A glimpse of history: Most memorable pictures of all time

1/94 SLIDES © GHI/UIG via Getty Images

1855: Crimean War

A cavalry camp showing people, horses and tents on the plains of Balaclava, during the Crimean War. Roger Fenton's photos from the Crimean War were among the earliest attempts to capture war events through photography.

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1862: Abraham Lincoln during Civil War

U.S. President Abraham Lincoln with General George B. McClellan and a group of officers near Antietam Creek during the Civil War.

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1903: The first flight

The photo shows the first powered, controlled, sustained flight. Orville Wright was at the controls of the machine. Wilbur Wright, running alongside to balance the machine, had just released his hold on the forward upright of the right wing.

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1906: San Francisco earthquake

Chasms seen in the street after a 7.8-magnitude earthquake hit San Francisco, California, U.S., on April 18. Over 80 percent of San Francisco was destroyed in this earthquake and the fires that roared in its aftermath.

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1908: Child labor

A spinner in a cotton mill in Georgia, U.S. American sociologist and photographer Lewis Hine’s picture-driven survey of child labor in the early 20th century gave proof about its negative impacts, helping rally the society against employment of children in industry.

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1914: World War I

British soldiers in a narrow trench during World War I on Oct. 28.

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1915: Battle of Gallipoli

A 60-pounder heavy field gun in action on a cliff at Helles Bay, Gallipoli, Turkey, during World War I.

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1915: German surrender

German soldiers (rear) offering to surrender to French troops, seen from a listening post in a trench in Massiges, France, during World War I.

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1922: Discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb

British archaeologist Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon stand at the opening of King Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings, Egypt.

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1932: Lunch atop a Skyscraper

Steel workers have their lunch atop the 70-story RCA building in Rockefeller Center, in New York City, New York, U.S., on Sept. 20.

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1936: Migrant Mother

The photograph by Dorothea Lange, which later became popular as "Migrant Mother," shows a homeless pea picker with her three children in Nipomo, California, U.S.

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1937: Hindenburg disaster

The German passenger airship LZ 129 Hindenburg explodes into flames at Lakehurst, New Jersey, U.S., on May 6.

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1940: The Milkman

A milkman makes a delivery on a London street devastated by German bombings during World War II, on Oct. 9.

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1940: Library of Congress project

Musicians Joe Harris and Kid West in a hotel room in Shreveport, Louisiana, U.S. The duo from Louisiana were best known for a Library of Congress Folk Archives project that had 11 tracks, with a musical blend of blues, ragtime and string band dance.

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1941: Churchill's 'V' sign

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill shows the "V for Victory" sign, which became a rallying symbol throughout Europe during World War II.

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1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor

The USS Shaw explodes during the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, during World War II.

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1943: Manzanar concentration camp

A portrait of Tom Kobayashi. In 1943, Ansel Adams (1902-84), one of America's most well-known photographers, documented the Manzanar War Relocation Center in California and the Japanese-Americans interned there during World War II.

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1944: Normandy landings

American assault troops and equipment land on Omaha beach on the northern coast of France on June 7 during the Normandy invasion.

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1945: The Auschwitz liberation

A group of child survivors behind a barbed wire fence at the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau in southern Poland, on the day of the camp’s liberation by the Red Army on Jan. 27.

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1945: Nagasaki bombing

A column of smoke rises over Nagasaki, Japan, after an atomic bomb was dropped on Aug. 9.

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1945: Battle of Iwo Jima

U.S. Marines of the 28th Regiment, 5th Division, raise the American flag atop Mt. Suribachi, Iwo Jima, Japan, on Feb. 23.

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1946: World’s first computer

The world's first electronic computer, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) being developed at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, U.S.

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1951: Einstein's tongue

Portrait of Albert Einstein sticking his tongue out, taken on his 72nd birthday on March 14 by United Press photographer Arthur Sasse.

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1951: Parachute operation during Korean conflict

During the Korean War, soldiers and equipment are parachuted in an operation by United Nations airborne units.

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1952: Korean War

A 155mm Howitzer gun in action during the Korean War. The clash between North and South Korea lasted from 1950 to 1953 and resulted in over 1.2 million casualties on both sides.

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1953: Queen's coronation

Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, wave at the crowd from the balcony of Buckingham Palace in London, England, during the Queen's coronation ceremony.

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1953: Pit River Bridge rescue

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1961: Bay of Pigs discussion

U.S. President John F. Kennedy (L) walks along a path at Camp David near Thurmont, Maryland, U.S., with former President Dwight D. Eisenhower on April 22. The two met to discuss the Bay of Pigs invasion.

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1963: 'I have a dream' speech

Martin Luther King Jr. gives his famous "I have a dream" speech during the Civil Rights Movement's March on Washington on Aug. 28.

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1963: Lyndon B. Johnson sworn in

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1965: Selma to Montgomery March

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1965: Muhammad Ali's win

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1966: Napalm fireball during Vietnam War

A napalm strike erupts in a fireball near U.S. troops on patrol during the Vietnam War in South Vietnam.

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1967: Flower power

Anti-war demonstrators tried flower power on MPs blocking the Pentagon building in Arlington, Virginia, U.S.

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1968: Olympics Black Power salute

Extending gloved hands skyward in racial protest, U.S. athletes Tommie Smith (C) and John Carlos stare downward during the playing of the Star-Spangled Banner after Smith received the gold and Carlos the bronze for the 200 meter run at the Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City, Mexico, on Oct. 16. Australian silver medalist Peter Norman is at the left.

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1969: Man lands on the moon

Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin is shown standing beside the U.S. flag. Apollo 11, the first manned lunar landing mission, was launched on July 16, with astronauts Neil Armstrong, Aldrin and Michael Collins on board. Armstrong and Aldrin became the first men to walk on the moon on July 20. Collins, the Command Module pilot, remained in lunar orbit while Armstrong and Aldrin were on the surface.

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1970: Antiwar demonstrations

Anti-war demonstrators mass on the Ellipse in Washington, D.C., U.S., on May 9.

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1971: Mukti Bahini movement

Bangladeshi Mukti Bahini soldiers hold their hands out in prayer to Allah before the torture and execution of four men suspected of collaborating with Pakistani militiamen accused of murder, rape and looting during months of civil war.

39/94 SLIDES © Russell Mcphedran/The Sydney Morning Herald/Fairfax Media via Getty Images

1972: Munich massacre

In one of the defining images of the Munich Olympics in 1972, this Palestinian is one of a group of “Black September” guerrillas that had taken 12 Israeli athletes hostage. The group broke into the Israeli building in the Olympic village near Munich where 10,000 athletes were staying. Eleven Israeli hostages were killed in the crisis.

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1972: A Lone Soldier

An American soldier cautiously moves over a devastated hill during the Vietnam conflict. The Pulitzer Prize-winning image from David Hume Kennerly, who took it when he was 25, made him one of the youngest winners of the prize.

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1973: Burst of Joy

Released prisoner of war Lt. Col. Robert L. Stirm is greeted by his family at Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield, California, U.S., as he returns home from the Vietnam War on March 17. In the lead is Stirm's daughter Lori, followed by son Robert, daughter Cynthia, wife Loretta and son Roger.

42/94 SLIDES © Bob Daugherty/AP Photo

1974: Richard Nixon farewell

Richard Nixon says goodbye with a victorious salute to his staff members outside the White House as he boards a helicopter after resigning the presidency on Aug. 9. Nixon was the first president in American history to resign the nation's highest office. His resignation came after approval of an impeachment article against him by the House Judiciary Committee for withholding evidence from Congress. He stepped down as the 37th president with a 2,026-day term, urging Americans to rally behind Gerald R. Ford.

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1975: Fall of Saigon

A Vietnamese man is punched by a plainclothes American while trying to board the last helicopter from the roof of the American Embassy in Saigon, Vietnam, as communist tanks approached the area on April 30.

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1976: Soweto uprising

Police arrest rioters during the Soweto riots, a series of protests by black students which triggered the anti-apartheid movement further, in Soweto, South Africa, on June 21. About 20,000 school children were part of the protest that was curbed brutally by the police.

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1977: 'Star Wars' trio

(L-R) Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher and Harrison Ford from the "Star Wars" franchise are seen together.

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1978: The Great Blizzard

A snow-covered car is seen on a street in Revere, Massachusetts, U.S., on Feb. 13, after a 27-inch snowfall during the Northeastern United States blizzard, also called The Great Blizzard.

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1979: Gas crisis

People line up with cans to buy gas at a Mobil station in July 1979 in Suffolk County, New York, U.S. In 1977, oil prices went up to more than $20 a barrel in response to increased demand and OPEC's policy of limiting supply. This caused long lines at gasoline stations, and for the first time in history, prices exceeded $1 a gallon in the U.S.

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1980: The Miracle on Ice

U.S. Olympic ice hockey players jump with jubilation after beating the Soviet Union team 4-3 in the semi-finals during the Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, on Feb. 22. The game was dubbed “The Miracle on Ice.”

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1981: Reagan assassination attempt

Police and Secret Service agents react during the assassination attempt on U.S. President Ronald Reagan outside the Hilton Hotel. Reagan was hit in the chest by one of six shots fired by John Hinckley, who also seriously injured press secretary James Brady (just behind the car). Reagan was hospitalized for 12 days.

50/94 SLIDES © Teodor Walczak/Forum/Reuters

1982: Poland riots

Polish communist security troops use tear gas during clashes with anti-martial law demonstrators in the Old Town in Warsaw, Poland, on May 3.

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1984: Sandinista People's Militia

Soldiers of the Sandinista People's Militia in Nicaragua, which was established by the country’s government to defend against the Nicaraguan Resistance forces.

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1986: Space Shuttle Challenger disaster

Space Shuttle Challenger explodes shortly after lifting off from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, U.S. All seven crew members died in the explosion, which was blamed on faulty o-rings in the shuttle's booster rockets.

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1987: Black Monday

The Oct. 19 photo shows a trader (C) on the New York Stock Exchange shouting orders as stocks were devastated on Black Monday, one of the most frantic days in the exchange's history. The Dow Jones index plummeted 22.68 percent, some 508 points, to close at 1,738.41 points in one record trading session.

54/94 SLIDES © Martin Cleaver/AP

1988: Pan Am flight 103 bombing

A police officer walks by the nose of Pan Am flight 103 on Dec. 21, in a field near the town of Lockerbie, Scotland, after a bomb aboard exploded, killing 270 people.

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1989: Tiananmen Tank Man

A lone demonstrator stands down a column of tanks at the entrance to Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, on June 5. The incident took place on the morning after Chinese troops fired upon pro-democracy students who had been protesting at the square since April 15, 1989.

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1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall

A man celebrates on the Berlin Wall on Nov. 12, after it was destroyed a few days earlier, in Germany.

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1989: Romanian Revolution

Romanian demonstrators gather in front of the headquarter of Romanian Communist Party in Bucharest during the 1989 anti-communist revolution.

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1990: First McDonald's in Soviet Union

Hundreds of people line up around the first McDonald's restaurant in the Soviet Union at Moscow's Pushkin Square, on its opening day on Jan. 31.

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1992: Princess Diana’s Taj visit

Diana, Princess of Wales, poses at the Taj Mahal during her visit to India on Feb. 11.

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1993: Escape from Sarajevo

A man is seen escaping with his baggage during the war in Sarajevo, Bosnia. More than 2.2 million people were displaced and almost 100,000 killed in the biggest European conflict since World War II.

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1994: Mandela becomes president

Nelson Mandela and former State President F.W. de Klerk hold their hands high as they address a huge crowd in front of the Union Building after Mandela was inaugurated as the first black president of South Africa, in Johannesburg, on May 10.

62/94 SLIDES © Vince Bucci/AFP/Getty Images

1995: O.J. Simpson trial

O.J. Simpson looks at a new pair of Aris extra-large gloves which the prosecutors had him put on for the jury on June 21, during his double murder trial in Los Angeles, California, U.S. The gloves were the same type found at the Bundy murder scene and the O.J. Simpson estate.

63/94 SLIDES © Reuters

1995: Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement

(L-R) Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, Jordan's King Hussein and U.S. President Bill Clinton adjust their ties as PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat looks on, as they prepare to exit the White House on the occasion of the signing of the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and Gaza Strip, on Sept. 28.

64/94 SLIDES © Alexander Zemlianichenko/AP Photo

1996: Yeltsin dance

Russian President Boris Yeltsin dances at a rock concert after arriving in Rostov, Russia, on June 10 during a re-election campaign. Photojournalist Alexander Zemlianichenko’s picture went on to win the Pulitzer Prize and Word Press Photo award.

65/94 SLIDES © Gregory J. Harbaugh/Space Frontiers/Getty Images

1997: Hubble servicing

American astronaut Joseph R. Tanner performs extra-vehicular activity (EVA) to service the Hubble Space Telescope during NASA's Space Shuttle Discovery mission STS 82, on Feb. 16.

66/94 SLIDES © Roger Lemoyne/Liaison/Getty Images

1998: Kosovo War

Women mourn the death of a Kosovo Liberation Army fighter who died while defusing land mines in Kosovo, Yugoslavia, in October.

67/94 SLIDES © Tom Stoddart Archive/Getty Images

1999: NATO consolidates in Kosovo

Crowd greets British NATO forces upon their arrival in Pristina, Kosovo, in June. The arrival of the forces brought back ethnic Albanians to the city, who had fled after Serbia-led Yugoslav troops launched an offensive against ethnic Albanian guerrillas.

68/94 SLIDES © Alan Diaz/Reuters

2000: Elián González case

Elián González, held by Donato Dalrymple (R), is taken by a U.S. federal agent from his Miami relatives on April 22. U.S. federal authorities stormed the Miami house where Cuban shipwreck survivor Elián González was sleeping early in the morning. Dalrymple was one of the two sport fishermen that rescued him at sea. The picture won the Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News in 2001.

69/94 SLIDES © Robert Giroux/Getty Images

2001: 9/11 attacks

Smoke pours from the twin towers of the World Trade Center after they were hit by two hijacked airliners in a terrorist attack in New York City on Sept. 11.

70/94 SLIDES © Chien-min Chung/Getty Images

2002: After the fall of Taliban

Pigeon breeders on top of their home in Kabul, Afghanistan, on Jan. 26. Bird breeding and playing with them were some of the activities banned by the Taliban until it fell in 2001.

71/94 SLIDES © Goran Tomasevic/Reuters

2003: Toppling of Saddam Hussein’s statue

A U.S. soldier watches as American troops pull down a 20-foot (six meter) high statue of Iraq's President Saddam Hussein in central Baghdad, Iraq, on April 9. The falling of Hussein’s statue at Firdos Square symbolized the end of Battle of Baghdad during the invasion of Iraq.

72/94 SLIDES © Scott Barbour/Getty Images

2004: Indian Ocean tsunami

A husband and wife inspect the remains of their home on the coast of the Ratmalana district in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on Dec. 28, after a massive tsunami wave swept across coastal parts of the country. More than 30,000 people died in the disaster that also left 1.5 million people displaced.

73/94 SLIDES © Rick Wilking/Reuters

2005: Hurricane Katrina

A man swims by the Circle Food Store with the skyline in the background in flooded New Orleans on Aug. 30. Hurricane Katrina left much of the city in floods after storm drainage canals and floodwalls were breached, making it one of the worst engineering disasters in U.S. history.

74/94 SLIDES © Oded Balilty/FILE/AP Photo

2006: Evacuation of Amona

A lone Jewish settler struggles with Israeli security officers during clashes that erupted as authorities evacuated the West Bank settlement outpost of Amona, east of the Palestinian town of Ramallah on Feb. 1, 2006. Oded Balilty of The Associated Press won the Pulitzer Prize for breaking news photography for this image.

2007: Sandstorm hits Sudan

A gigantic cloud of dust known as “Haboob” advances over Khartoum, Sudan, on April 29. These seasonal storms can reach a height of 3,000 feet and can change the landscape within few hours.

2008: Bolt breaks 200m record

Usain Bolt of Jamaica celebrates winning Men's 200m Final at the Beijing Olympic Games. With a time of 19.30 seconds, Bolt broke the 200m world record and won the Olympic gold, adding to his 100m win.

2009: Miracle on the Hudson

Passengers wait to be rescued on the wings of a U.S. Airways Airbus 320 jetliner, which was safely landed on the Hudson River in New York, after a flock of birds knocked out both its engines, on Jan. 15.

2009: Black Saturday bushfires

Local CFA firefighter David Tree shares his water with an injured Australian Koala at Mirboo North, Australia, on Feb. 9 after wildfires, termed Black Saturday bushfires, swept through the region.

2010: Haiti earthquake

A woman prays in front of a Jesus statue next to the destroyed main cathedral in Port-au-Prince, after a massive earthquake hit the country.

2011: Osama bin Laden’s death

U.S. President Barack Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and members of the national security team receive an update on the mission against Osama bin Laden in the Situation Room of the White House in Washington, D.C., on May 1. Obama later announced that the U.S. had killed Bin Laden in the operation led by U.S. Special Forces at a compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

2011: Odisha floods

Flood-affected boys row a makeshift banana raft on their way to a marooned community near Patamundi, about 75 miles (120 km) north of Bhubaneswar, India, on Sept. 29.

2011: Vancouver Stanley Cup riots

A couple kiss even as riot police are seen on a street in Vancouver, Canada, on June 15. The city broke out in riots after their ice hockey team, the Vancouver Canucks, lost to Boston Bruins in game 7 of the Stanley Cup Finals.

2011: New York legalizes gay marriage

Phyllis Sifel (L) and Connie Kopelov celebrate after being married at the marriage bureau in New York, on July 24, as the state becomes the sixth in the U.S. to embrace same-sex marriage.

2012: Superstorm Sandy's destruction

A roller coaster sits in the Atlantic Ocean after the Fun Town pier it sat on was destroyed by Superstorm Sandy on Nov. 1 in Seaside Heights, New Jersey, U.S.

2013: Boston Marathon bombings

Police officers with their guns drawn hear a second explosion down the street. The first explosion knocked down a 78-year-old U.S. marathon runner, Bill Iffrig, at the finish line of the 117th Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S., on April 15.

2013: Egyptian protests

An Egyptian protester waves a national flag over Tahrir Square, the focal point of Egyptian uprising, as opponents of President Mohammed Morsi gather in Cairo, Egypt, on June 28.

2014: Ebola outbreak

A Liberian health worker speaks with families in a classroom used as an Ebola isolation ward on Aug. 15, in Monrovia, Liberia. People suspected of contracting the Ebola virus were housed in the center, a closed primary school originally built by USAID, while larger facilities were constructed to house the surging number of patients.

2015: Baltimore protests

A man makes a heart shape with his hands during a protest near the CVS pharmacy that was set on fire during rioting after the funeral of Freddie Gray on April 28 in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.

2015: 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Movement

U.S. President Barack Obama walks holding hands with Amelia Boynton Robinson, who was beaten during "Bloody Sunday," across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, U.S., to mark the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Movement, on March 7.

2016: Baton Rouge protests

A demonstrator is detained by law enforcement officials in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S, on July 9. The demonstration was conducted in memory of Alton Sterling, an African-American man who was shot down by the local police force on July 5.

2016: Assassination of Russian ambassador

A man identified as Mevlüt Mert Altıntaş holds up a gun after shooting Andrei Karlov, the Russian Ambassador to Turkey, at a photo gallery in Ankara, Turkey, on Dec. 19. Shouting "Don't forget Aleppo! Don't forget Syria!" Altintas fatally shot Karlov in front of stunned onlookers at a photo exhibit. Police killed the assailant after a shootout.

2017: Snowfall in Sahara

The Algerian town of Aïn Séfra, within the Sahara Desert, received its first snowfall in 27 years on Jan. 20.

2017: UFO rumor

The contrail from a reused SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket is seen throughout Southern California and as far away as Phoenix, Arizona, U.S., after its launch on Dec. 22. Since not much was known about the launch among the public, its appearance sparked rumours of Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) on the social media, becoming one of the most viral photos that year.

2018: US-North Korea summit

U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un meet face-to-face in a historic summit in Singapore on June 12.

94/94 SLIDES

Brothers of Sean Cox return to Anfield for first time since brutal attack last April.
They felt they weren't able to return to the stadium until now

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When did slavery begin in America? Jamestown's history .

Angela ’s arrival in Jamestown in 1619 marked the beginning of a subjugation that left millions in chains. They see her as a seminal figure in American history — a symbol of 246 years of brutal subjugation that left millions of men, women and children enslaved at the start of Two years ago www.washingtonpost.com

Slavery's history : Angela , first recorded African woman in Jamestown

She was captured , enslaved and she survived. Meet Angela , the first named African woman in Why isn’t Angela part of colonial history lessons? Why, 400 years later, are they just hearing her story ? She is a New Jersey native living in Virginia whose parents passed away several years ago . www.usatoday.com

1619: Virginia marks the dawn of American slavery 400 years ago with

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . He started the day a few miles up the beach at Buckroe She crossed her arms to symbolize the chains of slavery, then uncrossed them in release. She felt, she said, like she was helping her ancestors www.washingtonpost.com

Lora Mitchell - Публикации | Facebook

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . American slavery began 400 years ago this month. This is referred to as the country’s original sin, but it is more than that: It is the country’s true origin.

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela

Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . washingtonpost.com/ history /2019/0… "The total number of Africans captured and transported to the Americas between 1501 and 1867 would eventually grow to more than 12.5 million."

“Harriet” movie: Harriet Tubman escaped - The Washington Post

Read more Retropolis: She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . As plantations talk more honestly about slavery, some visitors are pushing back. Before 1619, there was 1526: The mystery of the first enslaved Africans in what became the United States.

Virginia debated abolishing slavery after Nat - The Washington Post

She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history . About 30 of the petitions aimed to get all people of color out of Virginia, Root found as he researched his dissertation on the subject. But not all of them wanted to end slavery; several called for purging the

John B. King: Descendants of slaves and slave - The Washington Post

[ She was captured and enslaved 400 years ago . Now Angela symbolizes a brutal history .] Since then, John and several relatives have visited the farm, connecting with Griffith’s descendants, 50- year -old twin sisters, Frances Becker and Amanda Becker Mosko, who co-own the property.